GAME OF THRONES-FAMILY FEUDS,WAR AND BLOODSHED
Research shows how an 800-year-old conflict known as the Anarchy still marks England's landscape More news Topics Heritage Archaeology Game of Thrones George RR Martin Gemma Whelan and Alfie Allen as Yara and Theon Greyjoy in Game of Thrones. Photograph: Helen Sloan/2016 HBO Robin McKie Sunday 5 February 2017 00.05 GMT England's first civil war raged for almost 20 years – and outdid Game of Thrones for violence and treachery. Indeed, the 12th-century conflict was so intense it changed the landscape of the nation for decades, according to newly published archaeological research. Fortified villages and churches appeared across the country. Rivals to the king's mints made coins in different territories. And a network of castles – to hold back rebels – was constructed. "Most people would think of 'medieval warfare' in terms of large-scale pitched battles, but our study shows the conflict was instead characterised by devastation of the landscape and by siege warfare